DUKE OPTICAL & TRADING PTE. LTD.

This sub-class includes the holding companies of firms engaged in financial and/or insurance activities, i.e., units that hold the assets (owning controlling-levels of equity) of a group of subsidiary corporations and whose principal activity is owning the group. The holding companies in this sub-class generally do not provide any other service to the businesses in which the equity is held, i.e., they do not administer or manage other units and have little or no employment and revenue from the sale of goods and services. This sub-class also includes the activities of financing conduits where units are created by a financial group to raise or borrow funds (often on the open market) and to remit those funds to their parent or another entity within the group.